![锂离子电池储能系统集成与一致性管理](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/45/48280045/b_48280045.jpg)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-TuBEo9w2Ussc96f2AxI04RuOWjVxkGgS-0-3c074b35f20dcf55abe9931e72da031c)
图2-14 静置时,磷酸铁锂电池在不同SOC区间的全频率阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-6fbkVNrfPMlM6jSwbIcv79XmAoQT10kl-0-654df92061eb406ba976e4497055afd2)
图2-15 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(充电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-bKANlGywsCBruOsRm2sweID1ZUIk9FKc-0-737a444e1d7e64ff0fcbd1d5bd2de858)
图2-16 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(放电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-i7Mss5Smi6XFWa6gl2SfgRJ1UG40rnKU-0-8a2a4ba3ebd99919a7e0076915d24602)
图2-21 拟合阻抗谱结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-SiUrpZ0alD6ErypFVUC1nWHhQANJSFJ0-0-e796c03e42da3943acbca67e838b699c)
图2-22 电池在不同SOC区间的静态阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-oSTlqeWOfp9ZP0pz7RXFQOVDpQqSZ56w-0-af393a6021df2cdb445fcef58fa7d436)
图2-24 电池在0.2C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-I5DjgVaBfVsWsXVnVCk7oir3xfse7eGl-0-58a67e282a713297466bb094eda019aa)
图2-26 电池在0.2C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-KhdW5v6GszR1Ykk12QZiIVhHznOHMCYt-0-95c4cc228145af992e9317107b5eb01a)
图2-28 电池在0.2C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-RkCZHPP5pIrQMMNDf1GWqskeswprUGsR-0-bb71de0b314e6c59369d8096ac95ef35)
图2-30 电池在0.5C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-3VVyNZVzIbJXWwqP3lP6QMfe6hxqVdQK-0-e6090a3c2b9760eb07fe8da5c273124c)
图2-32 电池在0.5C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-ok9tEH0W0dYTektk17axDJQZiHP9TNdD-0-b0fddafca82bb7fb294dd0d915709841)
图2-34 电池在0.5C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-jDXskj0JX1fVXGXkYZtdVwNuMzdKfjB4-0-9f1f15e02668c39cf40e9527fd521a5a)
图2-36 电池在0.5C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-XUnIuFOFApEhmatUXslbSKMDex5ds6Zt-0-c8c8c5395e4433fce89fddc0dc051581)
图2-38 电池在1C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-ybOMCTq0KfB9BPfi2vroMLss9Wn176Rs-0-1ce781aa285e9f59c63c17ad715575e9)
图2-40 电池在1C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-CNJcuCaqylnuaoyDVM1GEj1dsIoQH8R1-0-b46f93726fef02d8adb2e8e34b7ea0f8)
图2-42 电池在1C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-G8EfJUlrerEuLtM4aaWiObgE9pUFjDDQ-0-1404556a240d4d2e0c912a2dcffe836b)
图2-44 电池在1C充电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-YIvy2rvPqh5EUfgE4eiJnAgDLb2uUIQ6-0-cdf35ccc3fe9cbcebfbf940daebf15cb)
图2-46 电池在0.2C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-aIEPAXSrZyoOsZLaGRcpfWCHWlwbFMWI-0-3db09b64bb679cc6c73ce2a9b0dfcc0a)
图2-48 电池在0.2C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-PJ0e15A6YT3vMvRUYsrdNFUM69OZ3X7G-0-a8fb3df5932e6c7838c75ecb02c3ab31)
图2-50 电池在0.2C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-4EJKN2shrDLkHdzpDEZYVBKz2uE2FDQz-0-a2beb299aa0c4c3d5458a6199ebf74c1)
图2-52 电池在0.5C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-VB9uucfLXmz9U9mIjDebDC9CfZctwWoI-0-bac0fb0eff925d6a0f98475e74c53928)
图2-54 电池在0.5C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-kgpUaicvKDUayDqKwungJ94OSvYnwc9M-0-0e9e9c1a97bacbfe0891386e2c5e33dd)
图2-56 电池在0.5C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-LzmVcDFdwSixym6CtWAQQHYyQoPU8mUw-0-2b0aa1f689ee450e105a139ecfafb3d6)
图2-58 电池在0.5C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-qn2wBvrWCA2jvCK51VGhkcrp0tGbea82-0-b185189d0427f1f4bf60b4a7e0b609bc)
图2-60 电池在1C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-5DlGSdASRcgl4g3291VtDylDS3gqV3uL-0-7242c914ab2268b1abb38590fe1fe423)
图2-62 电池在1C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-39L5bRh4vSPKqRSNJGlGOmq3wjBU1cZJ-0-e8594948b56a9423313f1a98b391e802)
图2-64 电池在1C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-DGHcmNcsDVVA8ePqHa2KjF41dZpJibPD-0-d143fcf2fb8957cda874876c00d71d18)
图2-66 电池在1C放电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-lntWcQbgO1zV8i4PnjzjVIPs1myvbIKt-0-06d69446c1eedffaf8ddced0065fedff)
图3-9 圆柱形电池温度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739386156-roSkMyg0uv5LU6haNdZuJMxj2wCBcjya-0-6ae541eb240f73c7b022947b9aa427c4)
图3-10 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下正极的电势分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-ArjoAWnf5Db18iWMekS3It0oQhMBb78i-0-48d7b699c7732476a3571c38dfe3c488)
图3-11 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下的电流密度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-w3Q66eNplASfIUoXGp9y59amHtZTJyqU-0-1e1f2495a908aa2b5b58f88d2c3e64d0)
图3-17 电池电流密度、电势及温度云图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-M3CILPnOGnBmNyI2U6B7mTJtn27gO8yr-0-c553b71e0ecb5952b0c0da0dad6aaac3)
图3-19 电池模块仿真结果示意图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-CxSIaxL59NvFMKV8he1jC3azpVAg6LKF-0-2934ca403c5b217d252319c9d3e98fe5)
图4-14 电池电压实测与辨识结果对比(A01)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-Brctzz0JGkB26bxigsJI0864VTJYGdM1-0-552df55c7faa3c6c25dd2ab4e4d22f78)
图4-30 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-dufb1eQMf9EZkT1zWtLI1yBba0vptazi-0-b655233c326dfb6d382fcf48703418fd)
图4-31 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-cTwyR5YCYOCHOVGvnhf17NlOqPbAWAEj-0-89d98e6929d54ba4ec32e3676b34e6f3)
图4-32 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-ZvLiTP9YQSgaB0zxrXdPiKPQLV2Qdf9o-0-c649173155900716dbe3b6f889eec04d)
图4-33 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-hehe9c0VSxwlNTJJVKl6wskrV8ExhD9H-0-49764e2934592e58d4fef76d056a40e4)
图4-34 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-5at82VRIDg9dEr9Vk3JCulTPTUjcuRLh-0-12ebefcdf3029ad65809352afec0153d)
图4-35 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-k523AnwIaXkjhZ3AmbAfZOe8Yd21TXeQ-0-6acea54aa52df14abf1944445409a2c2)
图4-36 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-17oewu1cFCcXnhDwLLEbB0zbGszT2SO5-0-665825b513349f3143efa12883a47946)
图4-37 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-W7muCUsvWzQDI46m9caaAcTQMIjs8LAE-0-b5fce3f632470f0fd7da9bb665c76de7)
图5-14 平滑控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-oo1hJUAPrAFvflUYuHiQY3ivsz4y12D7-0-978907ef199c6762dc20f116dea34858)
图5-31 平滑风光发电控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_03.jpg?sign=1739386156-ibUrGuwdBs885cz4mwAbFh6FGTc70TsL-0-75810bf196408a34fd4148fde3f512cf)
图5-32 跟踪计划发电的控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739386156-iXq81eGFCZzH52kPyYZXVizAUf79vM4l-0-c955424726def48313bf91287bb60adb)
图5-33 AGC调频控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_02.jpg?sign=1739386156-q2cesDqLL7P7QSrZAU7nP8mDB6b6Nv4u-0-4d56890b83ac8f3d3842d54205d6e1b5)
图5-37 储能电站8天的功率曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_03.jpg?sign=1739386156-diYH8e14nvRmeyzyVbSHzEEg3m3x2tC9-0-51efd3a9c500c88ed3b30cced8a91812)
图5-39 调度AGC调频实时曲线